Introduction and Characteristics of Report Writing in Research

 Meaning

The last step in research work is report writing. Report writing is the most important task even though it is the last task. In it, the achievements of the entire research are presented to all through concise writing as a conclusion. A report is a document prepared by analyzing the findings of research in a simple, concise, and meaningful manner, with a sufficient logical basis. The report may be longer or shorter depending on the subject and purpose of the research. However, all the reports express the findings of the investigation. A doctor prepares a report about a disease; an engineer prepares a report by studying the feasibility of a house, a road, electricity. A social researcher prepares a report by studying poverty, divorce, suicide, unemployment, social problems, child psychology, etc. Similarly, development activists, entrepreneurs, managers, politicians, etc. all prepare reports by studying in their respective fields. Reports at all these levels include the introduction of research, objectives, method of study, findings, achievements, and facts found in research. The act of writing a document with these facts in a phased, systematic, and logical manner at each level is called report writing. Therefore, a report acts as a means of communication that conveys the findings of the research to all. If a prepared research report is placed on the internet, it can be seen and understood by the world.

Overall research findings are scattered. The relationship between the variables cannot be declared without examination. It is not known what the unorganized facts are trying to show or express. This requires different levels of analysis. Therefore, we can call a document prepared by dividing the obtained facts into stages of introduction, purpose, research method, utility, fact analysis, deliberation, etc.

In fact, a report is a formal document that serves the purpose of an investigation. In which the results of the hypothesis test are clearly laid out. In which the curiosity and curiosity of a researcher and the readers are aroused. Also, what is the subject? What was the method of analysis and deliberation? Etc. is clearly mentioned in a report and the grounds for maximum reliability are presented logically. At the end of a preparation report, conclusions and suggestions are presented. From which the researcher can get enough benefits. Therefore, just as a report needs to have an adequate logical basis, it needs to be simple, clear, and credible. This should be scientifically analyzed.

A student studying at a university who is pursuing a postgraduate degree has prepared a thesis or dissertation. Similarly, a student pursuing a Ph.D. Research texts are prepared by studying the level. In all these works, the conclusion obtained from certain research is presented in a phased manner and a certain type of report is prepared. Therefore, report writing plays an important role in all types of research.

Characteristics of a Good Report

1.    A good report is a systematic, meaningful, clear, and concise document of long research.

2. It should be presented in a phased manner.

3. The casual relationship between the parties should be clearly shown.

     4. If a hypothesis has been raised, it should be mentioned along with the method tested.

3. The report should be simple in nature.

4. Proper attention should be paid to linguistic accuracy and grammar.

5. The report should use words like researcher and researcher without using words like I, My, Me, U, (I. My, Me, Mine).

6. Various drawing tables and graphs should be used appropriately and relevantly to make the report attractive.

7. The difficult words, technical words, acronyms, local words, etc. used in the report should be clearly stated in its notes and appendix.

8. Depending on the nature of the report, the role of experts is also written.

9. Adequate testing, processing of data, and analysis and deliberation should be done.

10. The boundaries of the report should be open and suggestions should be submitted.

11. Focus on the target group.

12. A report should be organized in an appropriate format according to the nature of the research.

13. A report should be free from bias and should be based on objective analysis.

14. A good report should include linguistic simplicity, clarity, use of citations and reference texts.

15.   The report should be prepared on the proper size, good winding and quality paper.

Objectives of Report Writing

Research in any field, whether related to the social sciences or to the physical sciences, has specific objectives in all levels and types of research. This is organized and prepared in a report after research. Any kind of research is done to fulfill the theoretical objective of the practical objective. It is also presented to all through reports of the same nature. Therefore, the purpose of report writing is related to the purpose of research. Since the achievement and justification of the research can be explained through the writing of the report, the objectives of the report can be summarized as follows.

1. To make the facts obtained from research meaningful by organizing and organizing.

2. To express the findings of the research as conclusions. Making non-speaking facts speak.

3. To curb human curiosity.

4: Evaluate the purpose of the whole research.

5. Providing suggestions and advice from current studies for future researchers. To provide knowledge to the interested person about the findings, methods, and methods of research.

6. To summarize the findings of the research logically by reviewing complex, disorganized, reduced, or more facts, irrelevance, etc.

7. To establish credibility and validity by evaluating the achievement of research.

8. Concluding the investigation.

9. To bring the conclusion to the level of generalization.

Research Report Format

Specified outlines play a very important role in report writing. Through which effective reports can be prepared. Here the specified templates have been developed based on the Technical Report. The nature of this technical field is the report related to the research of Master’s Level and Ph.D. level. Apart from this, this format can be used more or less in some institutional research and development-related research. This template is also called the report outline. This outline is related to the format prepared by Krishnaswami.

a) Preliminary Part

1. Title page

2. Recommendation letter

3. Preface or Acknowledgment

4. Table of content

5. List of tables

6. List of illustrations and figures

7. Abbreviation

8. Abstract or synopsis

b) Main Section or Text

I) Introduction

1. General Introduction of Report

2. Statement of the Problem

3. Theoretical Background of the Topic

4. Review of Literature

5. The Scope of Present Study

6. The Objectives of the Study

7. Hypothesis To be Tested

8. Definition of Concepts

II) The Design of Research

1. Methodology

2. Source of Data

3. Sampling Plan

4. Data Collection Instruments

5. Field Work

6. Data Processing and Analysis

7. An Overview of Report

8. Limitation of Report

III) Results : Findings and Conclusion

IV) Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

C) Terminal Items or References Section

1. Bibliography

2. Appendix

a)  Copies of Data Collection Instrument

b. Technical’s Details on Sampling Plan

c. Complex Tables

d. Glossary and New Terms Used in the Report

3. Glossary

4. Index